Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors

LiDAR sensors are another class of UAV sensor that may be used to build high-resolution maps and three-dimensional models of natural and man-made objects (Wallace et al., 2012) by

It is an active remote sensing (RS) system that emits light via a laser and measures the distance to an object via a photoelectric process.

Advantages include:

A high point density,
excellent spatial precision,
compact and lightweight design and weight than conventional microwave radar, and
excellent efficiency for low-altitude detection

(Yao et al., 2019), (Lin et al., 2019), (Yang et al., 2017).

Drawbacks include:

initial cost,
a high equipment cost,
significant reliance on expensive onboard GPS/IMU measurement,
an increased payload for scanning high-quality LiDAR, and a
potential inability to operate in GPS-denied zones which can be a limiting factor to most farmers and researchers in the field of sugarcane

(Yao et al., 2019) .