Ann Carstens

Academic Staff/Clinicians

Adjunct Professor Ann Carstens

BVSc, MS(Vet physiol), MMedVet(Large Animal Surg), MMedVet(Diagnostic Im), Dipl. Tertiary Educ., Diplomate ECVDI, PhD

Adjunct Professor in Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging
Wagga Wagga

Ann Carstens (neé Olivier) graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa with a BVSc (1982), where after she worked as a State Veterinarian. Laboratory.

In 1987 Ann received an MS (Veterinary Physiology) at Texas A&M University, worked in an equine racing practice in Johannesburg and then completed a residency in large animal surgery in the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria. She received her MMedVet (Large Animal Surgery) in 1992 and a Diploma in Tertiary Education. In January 1999 she became associate professor and moved to the Diagnostic Imaging section of the faculty (2001), where she led the large animal diagnostic imaging sub-section. She became a Diplomate of the ECVDI in 2007 and received her MMedVet in Diagnostic Imaging in 2008. She headed the section Diagnostic Imaging from 2009 until August 2014 and in 2013 received her Phd: dGEMRIC in horse metacarpophalangeal joints).

Ann served on the ECVDI exam committee (2012-2017) and was chairman of the College’s equine examiner committee from 2015 - 2017. She is the Southern Africa representative of the IVRA (from January 2019) and was elected on the South African Veterinary Council in 2019 which she had to vacate due to relocation to Australia.

Ann served intermittently on the South African Equine Veterinary Association Executive until January 2015. She led the research and diagnostic imaging sections of the Equine-Librium College of Veterinary Physiotherapy in South Africa. She was co-winner with the “colic team” of the South African Veterinary Association Clinical prize in 1992 and was winner of the South African Veterinary Association Clinical prize in 1999.

From August 2014 - December 2019 Ann worked in a 2/8 post for the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria.  In January 2020 she relocated to Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga as professor in Diagnostic imaging in the School of Animal and Veterinary Science.

Ann has taught pregraduate Equine / Large Animal surgery and currently teaches pregraduate diagnostic imaging, small and large animals.

Ann has promoted / co-promoted 13 MSc/MMedVet students and is currently promoter of one MSc and co-promoter of one MSc (Univ Pretoria), and is a research promoter of one MMedVet(DIM) student.

Ann hosts bi-weekly postgraduate diagnostic imaging case discussions and rounds locally and internationally for Masters students and residents in Diagnostic Imaging and Equine Surgery and Medicine.

Ann presents online interactive postgraduate Diagnostic Imaging courses in Equine Radiology and Equine Non-radiological Diagnostic Imaging.

Ann's main interests are equine diagnostic imaging, particularly distal limb ultrasonography and MRI and equine respiratory Diagnostic Imaging.

Professional Memberships

  • South African Veterinary Council
  • South African Veterinary Association
  • South African Equine Veterinary Association
  • Veterinary Practitioners Board of NSW
  • Member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
  • Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging
  • Associate Editor of the Journal of Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound
  • Official Testing Veterinarian for the Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI)
  • South African Veterinary Council Inspection Officer

    Articles:

  1. Poore LA, Le Roux C, Carstens A. Trauma-induced exostosis of multiple suture lines causing partial bilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare. J South Afr Vet Assoc. 2019. 90(0) a1764
  2. Spargo K, ……, Carstens A . Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses on selected racetracks in South Africa. JSAVA 2019; 90(0),a1640.
  3. Le Roux C, Carstens A. Axial sesamoiditis in the horse: A review. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 2018. ISSN: (Online) 2224-9435, (Print) 1019-9128.
  4. Bischofberger AS, Fürst AE, Torgerson PR, Carstens A, Hilbe M, Kircher P. Use of a 3-Tesla magnet to perform delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the distal interphalangeal joint of horses with and without naturally occurring osteoarthritis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 2018;79(3):287-298.
  5. Vemming, Ditte C.; Steenkamp, Gerhard; Carstens, Ann; et al. Prevalence of dental disorders in an abattoir population of horses in South Africa by oral examination of intact and bisected heads. The Veterinary Journal 2015 205(1): 110-112. Impact Factor: 2.17 · DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.021.
  6. Cassel N, Carstens A, Becker P. The comparison of bolus tracking and test bolus techniques for computed tomography thoracic angiography in healthy beagles. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2013. 84(1), Art. #930, 9 pages. http://dx.doi. org/10.4102/jsava.v84i1.930.
  7. Lim CK, Saulez MN, Viljoen A, Carstens A. Basilar skull fracture in a Thoroughbred colt radiography or computed tomography? J S Afr Vet Assoc  2013;84(1):E1-5.  DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v84i1.251.
  8. Rubio-Menendez L, Carstens A. Radius medullary decompression as treatment for lameness in a horse. V.C.O.T 2013; 26(4): 311-7; VCOT-12-09-0123.R1.
  9. Kirberger RM, Stander N, Cassel N, Pazzi P, Mukorera V, Christie J, Carstens A, Dvir E. Computed tomographic and radiographic characteristics of aortic lesions in 42 dogs with spirocercosis. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, Vol. 54, No. 3, 2013, pp 212-222.
  10. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Dahlberg L, Velleman M, Fletcher L, Lammentausta E.   Feasibility for mapping cartilage T1 relaxation times in the distal metacarpus/tarsus3 of Thoroughbred racehorses using delayed gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC): normal cadaver study.  Vet Radiol & Ultrasound 2013.  doi: 10.111/vru.
  11. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Dahlberg LE, Prozesky L, Fletcher L, Lammentausta E. Validation of delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage and T2 mapping for quantifying distal metacarpus/metatarsus cartilage thickness in Thoroughbred racehorses. Vet Radiol Ultrasound (2013, Vol. 54(2):139–148.
  12. Sanz MG, Kafka U, Saulez MN, Page P, Villarino N, Carstens A. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and cardiac troponin I evaluation in horses suffering from natural AHS infection. J Eq Vet Sci 10/2012; 32(10):S85. DOI:10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.179.
  13. Kirberger RM, Cassel N, Carstens A, Goddard AA. The effects of repeated intravenous iohexol administration on renal function in healthy beagles - a preliminary report. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2012, 54:47 doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-47.
  14. Pulker T, Carstens A, Williams J Antebrachial chondrodysplasia in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2012) 82(3):176–178.
  15. Furniss C, Carstens A, van den Berg SS Radiographic changes in Thoroughbred yearlings in South Africa 2011. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2011) 82(4): 194-204.
  16. Viljoen A, Saulez MN, Carstens A, Gummow B. 2010. The impact of ultrasound during emergency after-hour admissions of horses. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 81: 216-218.
  17. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Grimbeek RJ, Donnellan CMB, Saulez MN Radiographic quantification of tracheal dimensions of the normal Thoroughbred horse.    Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound (2009) 50(5): 492-501.
  18. Kihurani DOG, Carstens A, Saulez MN , Donnellan CMB Transcutaneous ultrasonographic evaluation of the air-filled equine stomach and duodenum following gastroscopy. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound (2009) 50(5): 492-435.
  19. Cilliers I,  Williams J, Carstens A,  Duncan NM Three cases of osteoma and an osseous fibroma of the paranasal sinuses in horses in South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2008) 79(4): 185-193.
  20. Snyman LD, Carstens A, Schultz RA, Joubert JPJ, Labuschagne L. Changes in sheep oesophageal diameter and function during Geigeria ornativa (vermeerbos) poisoning and subsequent recovery. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2008) 79(4): 178-184.
  21. Dzikiti TB, Bester L, Cilliers I, Carstens A, Stegmann GF, Hubert J. Limb fracture during recovery from general anaesthesia: an often tragic complication of equine anaesthesia. JS Afr Vet Assoc 2008 79(3):145-148.
  22. Furniss C, Carstens A, Cilliers I. Eustachian tube diverticulum chondroids and neck abscessation in a case of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. JS Afr Vet Assoc 2007 78(3:166-170.
  23. Carstens A, Kitshoff AM. Imaging diagnosis: post-myelographic epidural leakage  due to increased meningeal permeability. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2007; 48(6): 554-556.
  24. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Spotswood T, Wagner WM, Grimbeek RJ. Ultrasonography of  the liver, spleen and urinary tract of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 2006;47(4)376-383.
  25. Sweers L, Carstens A. Imaging features of discospondylitis in two horses. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 2006;47(2): 159-164.
  26. Steenkamp G, Olivier-Carstens A, Van Heerden WFP, Crossley DA, Boy SC. In vitro comparison of three materials as apical sealants of equine premolar and molar teeth. Equine Veterinary Journal, 2005; 37(2): 133-136.
  27. Kafka UCM, Carstens A, Steenkamp G, Symington. Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography for oral masses in dogs. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association (2004;75(4):163-168.
  28. Olivier-Carstens A. Ultrasonography of the solar aspect of the distal phalanx in the horse. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 2004;45(5)449-457.
  29. Olivier-Carstens A, Lane E, Volkmann DH, Hofmeyr M, Stegmann GF Rectal prolapse associated with a healed pelvic fracture in a free-ranging African black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis: Part 2: Surgery and necropsy. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 2001; 72(4):242-244.
  30. Stegmann GF, Olivier-Carstens A, Lane E, Volkmann DH, Hofmeyr M Rectal prolapse associated with a healed pelvic fracture in a free-ranging African black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis: Part 1: Anaesthesia. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 2001; 72(4):239-241.
  31. Olivier A, Wannenburg J, Gottschalk RD, Van der Linde MJ, Groeneveld HT. The effect of frog pressure and downward vertical load on hoof wall compression and movement of the third phalanx- an in vitro study. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 2001; 72(4):217-227.
  32. Thompson PN, Van der Lugt JJ, Olivier-Carstens A. Botryomycosis Associated With Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In The Nasopharynx Of A Cow. Veterinary Record 2001 20;149(16):495-496.
  33. Petersen SL, Botes C, Olivier A, Guthrie AJ The effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on wound healing in horses.Equine Veterinary Journal 1999;31(3):228-231.
  34. Olivier A, Steenkamp G, Petrick SW, Gottschalk RD. Parotid duct laceration repair in 2 horses. Journal of the South African veterinary Association 1998;69(3): 108-111.
  35. Olivier A, Nurton JP, Guthrie AJ. An epizoological study of wastage in Thoroughbred racehorses in Gauteng, South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 1997;68(4): 125-129.
  36. Amoss MS, Hood DM, Williams JD, Stephens KA, Gremmel SM, Grosenbaugh DA, Olivier A. Concentrations of plasma  catecholamines, serum aldosterone and plasma renin activity  following induced laminitis in the horse. The Southwestern Veterinarian 1988;38:16 25.
  37. Olivier A, Hood DM, Jenkins WL, Clark DR, Williams JD, Grosenbaugh DA. Effect of weight loading on the coronary band interstitial fluid pressure in horses. Am J Vet Res 1989;50:1198 1201.

Book Chapters

Snyman LD, Olivier-Carstens A, Schultz RA, Labuschagne L. A preliminary investigation on changes in esophageal diameter and function of sheep recovering from vermeersiekte. Poisonous plants: global research and solutions. Edited by K Panter, USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, USA; T Wierenga, USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, USA; J Pfister, USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, USA 2007: 292-295

Selected figures with legends in  "Colour atlas of Equine Diseases" published 2009

Carstens A, Smith RKW. Ultrasonography of the Foot and Pastern In Atlas of Equine Ultrasonography. Kidd JA,, Lu KG, Frazer ML (eds), 2014 John Wiley and Sons Limited, p 25-44. ISBN 978-0-470-65813-0

Carstens A Ultrasonography of the Carpus In Atlas of Equine Ultrasonography. Kidd JA, Lu KG, Frazer ML (eds), 2014 John Wiley and Sons Limited, p 107-124. ISBN 978-0-470-65813-0

The latter 2 chapters – currently undergoing revision for new edition 2020.

Presentations outside South Africa

  1. Hallmarq Chamonix 10th European Clinical user meeting. 11-13 January 2018. A Carstens. DGEMRIC and T2 mapping in Equine Cartilage. Chamonix, France.
  2. Conference Paper; Anatomical studies of the infundibula in maxillary cheek teeth using computed tomography in different age groups of horses with known dental status November 2017 Conference: The Swedish Veterinary Association Congress; Wemming D, Page P, …Carstens A …
  3. European Association of Veterinary diagnostic imaging: Wroclaw, Poland. 31 August to 3 September 2016. Paper presented: “A radiographic study on the effect of hanging traction on the intervertebral disc space width in 17 dachshunds” for Mylo K.
  4. European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: Wroclaw, Poland. 31 August to 3 September 2016. Poster presented: “Comparative conventional, smartphone application and radiographic goniometric techniques of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint” for Ross K and Geddes V.
  5. European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: Wroclaw, Poland. 30 Aug 2016. Presentation to ECVDI residents: “ How to survive the ECVDI examinations.”
  6. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Velleman M, Dahlberg LE, Fletcher L, Lammentausta EN. Delayed gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and T2 mapping of cartilage of the cadaver distal metacarpus3/metatarsus3 of the normal Thoroughbred horse. 13th World Equine Veterinary Association Congress. 3-5 October, 2013 in Budapest, Hungary.
  7. Rubio-Menendez L, Carstens A. Radius medullary decompression as treatment for lameness in a horse, scientific poster presentation 2013 ACVS Veterinary Symposium – the surgical summit. 23-26 October 2013, in San Antonio, Texas.
  8. Carstens A, Lammentausta E,.Velleman M, Dahlberg LE, Prozesky L, Fletcher L, Kirberger RM. dGEMRIC in normal Thoroughbred horse cadaver metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joints” at the 5th Nordic Meeting on Quantitative Imaging of Cartilage from  4-5 October 2012,  in Malmo, Sweden.
  9. Sanz, M,…..Carstens A, …..Saulez MS …. 9th International Conference on Equine Infectious Diseases (EID IX), October 21-26, 2012, Lexington, Kentucky, page S85.
  10. Kafka UCM, Carstens A 11th World Veterinary Dental Congress – held at the 30th World Veterinary Association Congress 10-14 October 2011, Cape Town. U. Imaging the Temporomandibular Joint Of The Horse.
  11. Carstens A. 11th World Veterinary Dental Congress – held at the 30th World Veterinary Association Congress 10-14 October 2011, Cape Town. Computed Tomography in Equine Dentistry.
  12. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Jordaan JC. 2011. The effect of respiratory phase on radiological thoracic dimensions in normal Thoroughbred horses. European Association Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging Congress: London, UK, 1-3 September, 2011. p64.
  13. Carstens A, Lammentausta E, Velleman M, Dahlberg LE, Prozesky L, .Jordaan JC, Kirberger RM. 2011 dGEMRIC in normal Thoroughbred horse cadaver metacarpo-/tarso-phalangeal joints.European Association Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging Congress: London, UK, 1-3 September, 2011, p60.
  14. Comparative Pathology Course. November 2008, New Zealand. Collett, M, Carstens, A. Forensic investigation of acute carpal pain in a valuable racehorse.
  15. Carstens A, Kirberger RM, Grimbeeck RJ. 2008. Radiological tracheal dimensions of the normal Thoroughbred horse. European Association Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging Congress: Svolvaer, Norway, 6-9 August 2008.p 42.
  16. Invited to sit on the panel of the Equine Laminitis Research Group and Panel, American Association of Equine Practitioners. July 24-25 2004 Louisville Kentucky, U.S.A.. Presented: Carstens A Ultrasonography of the tip of the distal solar aspect of the distal phalanx in the horse:73-86 AND. Mostert, H.; Guthrie, A.; van den Berg, S.; and Wannenburg, J. The effect of a reverse shoe and polystyrene padding on the biomechanics of the front hoof of the horse:87-94.
  17. International Veterinary Radiology Association tri-annual congress: Ultrasonographic observations of the normal kidney of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) bred in captivity; Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Midrand, South Africa, 18-22 August, 2003.
  18. 9th Veterinary Association Malaysia Scientific congress, Penang, Malaysia, 3-5 October 1997 -A summary of the incidence of injuries and predisposing causes, A study of training days lost in Thoroughbred racehorses in South Africa, Predisposing causes of injuries in the Thoroughbred racehorse: conformation, shoeing and tack, Carpal injuries in horses, Fetlock injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses, Superficial digital flexor tendinitis and suspensory desmitis in Thoroughbred racehorses, Other musculoskeletal injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses, Equine dentistry: an introduction, Key note Address: Equine surgery: current and future.
  19. European Association Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: Murcia, Spain, 24-27 July, 2002.Ultrasonography of the distal solar aspect of phalanx three in the horse; Radiologic and fluoroscopic oesophageal evaluation of the disease progress of sheep dosed with Geigeria ornativa: a pilot study.

Presentations in South Africa

  1. Equine thoracic radiology case studies. South Cape Branch of the SAVA short congress: 12-13 April 2019.
  2. Equine thoracic radiography in the field. South Cape Branch of the SAVA short congress: 12-13 April 2019.
  3. Equine musculoskeletal ultrasonography and Small Animal abdominal ultrasonograpy. Olympia, George BCF. 17-18 November 2017.
  4. FEI General Veterinary Course – Onderstepoort. 16&17 July 2016. Attended only.
  5. Equine Musculoskeletal Ultrasound CPD course – Milnerton – 20&21 October 2016. Presented 6 papers: “Principles of U.S. and machine set up”, “The suspensory ligament”, “The pastern and fetlock”, “The elbow”, “The shoulder”, “The hip and pelvis” and assisted with practical demonstrations.
  6. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Presented 2 “How to..” papers, presented a poster case report: “Compressive myelopathy due to cervical vertebral canal stenosis in the horse: two unusual cases.” Co-author of one research paper: “The effect of tendon boots on the skin temperature of the equine front limb” presented by researcher: G Martindale. Co-author of 2 posters: “Comparative conventional, smartphone application and radiographic goniometric techniques of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint” by Ross K and Geddes and “Determining hindquarter muscular and T. sacrale asymmetry in training and racing Thoroughbreds”  by Kriel T and duToit.  Chaired the Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion in East London, 16-19 Feb 2016.
  7. VET-CE 2 day CPD course:  Presented “Ultrasonography of the back and pelvis of the horse” in Midrand 17-18 October 2015.
  8. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Chaired the Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion Skukuza, 17-20 Feb 2014.
  9. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress. How to: Ultrasound– guided cervical  vertebral facet injection. Skukuza, 17-20 Feb 2014.
  10. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress. Cartilage imaging: an update. Skukuza, 17-20 Feb 2014.
  11. Advanced diagnostic imaging modalities in the horse, Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion.SAEVA congress Oubaai: 13-16 Feb 2012.
  12. South Cape Branch of the SAVA: Diagnostic Imaging in Lameness in Horses, 13 Feb 2012.
  13. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Chaired the Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion Euphoria, 14-17 Feb 2011.
  14. Faculty Day, Veterinary Faculty, University of Pretoria: September 2010: attended.
  15. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Carstens, A; Stander, N. Computed tomography in the horse: now up and running at OP, Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion George, 15-18 Feb 2010.
  16. SAVA – Orange Free State Branch: annual congress: Basics of the Ultrasound machine, Ultrasonography of equine tendons, 3 hours practicals. Bloemfontein, 2-3 October 2009.
  17. Practical Laminitis Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa, 24-26 Sept 2009.
  18. Faculty Day, Veterinary Faculty, University of Pretoria: Radiographic changes in Thoroughbred yearlings in South Africa: C Furniss, A Carstens,  SS van den Berg;  Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries associated with four racetracks in Gauteng, South Africa during 1998-2004, I Cilliers, A Carstens, P Thompson, D G M Sutton. September 2009.
  19. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Selbourne, 15-19 Feb 2009-10-06.
  20. Faculty Day, Veterinary Faculty, University of Pretoria: 4 September 2008. Radiological tracheal dimensions of the normal Thoroughbred horse.
  21. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (SAEVA) annual congress: Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Berg-en-Dal, 17-20 Feb 2008.
  22. South African Association of Equine Practitioners (previously Equine Practitioner's Group) annual congress: Radiography and Radiology of the Equine Thorax, Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Port Elizabeth, 19-23 Feb 2006.
  23. Faculty Day, Veterinary Faculty, University of Pretoria: September 2005. Ultrasonography of the liver, spleen and urinary tract of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus)—cheetahs.
  24. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress: Ultrasonography of pathology of the gastro-intestinal tract in horses, Radiology panel discussions, Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Swadini, 16-19 Feb 2004.
  25. Veterinary Radiology Association  tri-annual congress: Ultrasonographic observations of the normal kidney of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) bred in captivity; Diagnostic Imaging Quiz panel discussion. Midrand, South Africa, 18-22 August, 2003.
  26. LHPG annual congress: Golden Gate,18-20 June 2003. Diagnostic Imaging Services of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital. A Carstens and presented by G Harmse.
  27. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress: Ultrasonography of the distal solar aspect of phalanx three in the horse: Radiology panel discussions; Diagnostic Imaging Quiz. Wilderness, 17-20 Feb 2003.
  28. Eastern Cape and Karoo branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress, 4 May 2002. Flexor tendon ultrasonography in equines; Basic Radiography; Radiological interpretation.
  29. Equine Dentistry Course: Midrand, 5-6 Feb 2002.
  30. Introductory Course in Diagnostic Ultrasound for Practitioners: Onderstepoort, 25-26 January, 2002. Flexor tendon ultrasonography in equines.Abdominal and thoracic ultrasound in equines.
  31. Eastern Cape and Karoo branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress, 4 May 2002.
  32. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress – Dr J.M Denoix, Non-skeletal Te-99m scintigraphy in horses, Radiology panel discussions, Umhlanga Sands, RSA, 18-21 Feb 2002.
  33. Equine Dentistry Course: Midrand, 5-6 Feb 2002, Dental radiology.
  34. Introductory Course in Diagnostic Ultrasound for Practitioners: Onderstepoort, 25-26 January, 2002.
  35. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress – Dr D Knottenbelt, J Pycock, Radiographic Artifacts in horses Radiology panel discussions, MagaliesPark, RSA, Feb 2001.
  36. Continuing education Course to Western-Cape branch of the EPG, Cape Town, 25 August 2000: Equine head radiography and radiology, Equine neck radiography and radiology, Equine navicular bone radiography and radiology, Radiographic artifacts, Rectal diagnostic ultrasonography.
  37. Equine Abdominal and Thoracic Ultrasound Short Course, Onderstepoort, 23 February 2000 Transrectal ultrasonography.
  38. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress – Dr S Palmer, B Watrous, Petersen SL, Botes C, Olivier A, Guthrie-AJ The effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on wound healing in horses. Saldanha, RSA, Feb 2000.
  39. Equine Abdominal and Thoracic Ultrasound Short Course, Onderstepoort, Feb 2000.
  40. Stud Manager’s Course – Dr D Varner, Dr M LeBlanc, Dr A McKinnon, Dental and tooth associated problems in the horse: recognition and care, Cedara, RSA, 7 July 1998.
  41. South African Veterinary Association Biennial Congress – The veterinary nurse and the equine colic patient Johannesburg, RSA, 12 June 1998.
  42. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress – Dr C Pollitt, Dr L Scrutchfield, Cathedral Peak, RSA, Feb 1998.
  43. Second Equine Dentistry Short Course and Workshop – Dr L Scrutchfield, Onderstepoort, RSA, Feb 1998.
  44. Equine Arthroscopy Course and Workshop – Prof A Nixon, Prof W McIlwraith, Dr L Bramlage, Dr J Boening, Onderstepoort, RSA, Feb 1998.
  45. East Cape and Karoo branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress - Storms River Mouth, RSA, 3 May, 1997.
  46. Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress - Prof Alan Nixon, Dr J Boening - Equine dentistry: a review, Skukuza, Kruger National Park, RSA, Feb 1997.
  47. East Cape and Karroo branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress - Equine dentistry: a review - Storms River Mouth, 3 May, 1997.
  48. Mpumalanga branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress - Video on "Referring the Acute Abdomen Horse" - Hoedspruit, 14 Sep 1996.
  49. Faculty day - Preliminary results comparing two techniques of sealing the external surfaces of equine cheek teeth for in vitro testing - Onderstepoort, 30 Sep 1995.
  50. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress: Dr S Dyson Epidemiological study of wastage among Thoroughbred racehorses in the Transvaal, An overview of treatment of sarcoid in the horse, Equine Practitioner's Group annual congress - Video on "Referring the Acute Abdomen Horse" -Golden Gate, Feb 1995.
  51. Equine Upper Respiratory Short Course - Prof J Lane - Onderstepoort, 12 Feb 1994.
  52. Equine Dental Short Course - Prof J Lane - Onderstepoort, 11 Feb, 1994.
  53. Equine Dental Short Course – Dr J Lane. Radiographic anatomy of (horse) teeth and related structures - Onderstepoort, Feb 1994.
  54. Evaluation of the poor performance horse - Lameness evaluation, Slow motion video gait analysis. Onderstepoort, RSA, 10 Dec 1993.
  55. Faculty Day - The effect of the reverse even frog pressure shoe on hoof wall compression and movement of the third phalanx - an in vitro study - Onderstepoort, 1 Oct 1993.
  56. Orange Free State and North Cape and Karroo branch of the South African Veterinary Association annual mini-congress - Lamina interna prolapse in the bull, Carpal fractures in the horse. Bloemfontein, RSA, 20-21 August, 1993.
  57. First Southern Africa Farriers Congress - Johannesburg, RSA, June 1993.
  58. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress - Dr J Boening, H Lauk, GM Beeman, Karridene, RSA, Feb 1993.
  59. Colic short course - Dr N White - Onderstepoort, 21-22 Feb 1992.
  60. AO-SIF basic course - Johannesburg, 20-22 March 1992.
  61. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress - Dr N White, Biomechanical aspects of the reverse even frog pressure shoe. Badplaas, RSA, Feb 1992.
  62. Equine cardiology continuing education course - Onderstepoort, 11 Apr 1991.
  63. Introductory course in diagnostic ultrasound for practitioners - Onderstepoort, February 1991.
  64. Arthroscopy Short course - Prof W McIlwraith, Onderstepoort, 27-28 Sept 1991.
  65. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress: Prof/ Dr G and SL Spurlock, Caledon,RSA, Feb 1991.
  66. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress - Dr  G Lane/ J Boening, Mount aux Source, RSA, Feb 1990.
  67. Equine Intensive care short course - Onderstepoort, May 1990.
  68. South African Veterinary Nurse's Association Continuing Education course - Physiotherapy in the animal patient - Inanda, August 1990.
  69. Equine Practitioner's Group Annual Congress - Dr R Rose and A Nixon, Review of Physiotherapy in Equines. Warmbaths, RSA, Feb 1989.
  70. Equine Practitioner's Group (EPG) Annual Congress - Prof W McIlwraith, Interstitial fluid pressure in the coronary band of normal horses and those with chronic laminitis. HF Verwoerd Dam, South Africa (RSA) Feb 1988.